Financial statements that detail the company’s assets, liabilities and shareholders’ equity at a given point in time.
Prolonged period of time in which asset prices fall consistently. In general, Bear Markets are "created" by economic deterioration or a recession.
Measure of comparison for investment returns, usually an index.
Debt certificate issued by a company that certifies that its holder extended a loan to the company.
Prolonged period of time in which asset prices rise consistently. In general, they are originated by economic improvements or a general speculative mood.
Average annual rate of return.
Money generated by the company’s operations.
Business characteristics that allow a company to obtain a return higher that its cost of capital.
Process in which an investment appreciates through the reinvestment of gains, originating further gains.
Rate of return required by the providers of the capital that finances the company’s activity.
Interest paid by a bond.
Risk the company fails to pay back its debt.
Financial instruments whose value derives from other underlying assets.
Rate of return of an investment that makes the investor indifferent between consuming now or in the future.
Remuneration paid by the company to the shareholder (monthly, quarterly or annually).
Annual dividend paid divided by share price. Corresponds to the rate of return of the dividends in relation to the company’s market value.
Measure of the operating profitability of the company.
Rate of return demanded by investors in excess of a risk-free investment return.
Investment funds, excluding closed-end funds, that trade in a financial market exchange. They typically have low costs and seek to mirror the performance of another asset, index, commodity, etc.
Total amount charged in fees in relation to total assets under management.
Cash generated by the business after fixed and net working capital investments are deducted.
Analyzing a company based on the operational, financial and strategic characteristics of the business.
Financial statement of the revenues, costs and profit generated by the company throughout the last quarter/year.
Value estimate of a company that relies on its ability to generate excess cash that can be distributed by its capital providers.
Acquiring an asset with the goal of obtaining a future return via the generation of free cash flow. According to Benjamin Graham, "An investment operation is one which, upon thorough analysis, promises safety of principal and an adequate return. Operations not meeting these requirements are speculative."
Group of investments made by an individual, institutional investor or an asset manager.
Using borrowed funds to invest with a view to obtain bigger profits.
Ability to buy or sell an asset easily e quickly, without affecting market price. Alternatively, designates the ability an investor has to convert his investments into cash.
Fee charged by the asset manager for the service of managing an investment portfolio. Typically corresponds to a fixed percentage of total assets under management.
Market value of shareholders’ equity, given by the number of shares outstanding multiplied buy their market price.
Cost of investment opportunities not taken.
Ratio that divides share price by earnings of the company per share outstanding. Used as a relative valuation method, comparable with the P/E ratio of other companies.
Fee charged by the asset manager for the appreciation of capital. Typically corresponds to a fixed percentage of net total gains.
Measure of the return of the company. Compares the company’s net earnings to its shareholders’ capital.
Measure of the return of the company. Compares the company’s operational returns to its total invested capital. Crucial in identifying companies with competitive advantages.
Index that represents the evolution of price of 500 of the biggest companies in the USA.
Certificate that represents and entitles its owner to a fraction of a company’s shareholders’ equity.
Process by which the company buys back its own shares. It is a fiscally more convenient way of remunerating shareholders.
Net value of the balance sheet. Assets minus Liabilities.
Buying an asset with the sole expectation that someone will offer a higher price for it in the future.
Analyzing past movements in equity prices with the objective of predicting future movements.
Present value of money is higher today than the same amount in the future, due to the effects of inflation.
Way of measuring the compounded return of an investment which eliminates distortions caused by additional commitments of capital or liquidation after the initial moment of the investment.
Return measure of an investment that encompasses both capital gains and dividends received.
Statistical measure of the dispertion of past values of a variable.
